R&D Systems™ Quantikine Immunoassay Control Set 913 for Mouse HS TNF-a

Description

• Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is prototypic ligand of TNF superfamily
• It is pleiotropic molecule that plays central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development
• TNF-α is produced by wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types
• Human TNF-α consists of 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and 177 aa extracellular domain (ECD)
• Within ECD, human TNF-α shares 97% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 71% to 92% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat TNF-α
• The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form noncovalently linked homotrimer
• Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte costimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness
• Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-α by TACE/ADAM17 releases 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-α
• TNF-α trimers bind ubiquitous TNF RI and hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers
• TNF-α regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis
• It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing activation of vascular endothelial cells, macrophages
• TNF-α is key cytokine in development of several inflammatory disorders
• It contributes to development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism
• Storage: Store unopened product at 2 to 8°C
• Do not use past expiration date.