Description

• A cell-permeable ESCs (Embryonic Stem Cells) EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition) inducer that is reported to prime/sensitize human and murine ESC cultures for much more enhanced/efficient differentiation into progenitor cells of multiple lineages, including Activin A- (Cat
• No
• 114700) induced definitive endoderm differentiation (60% differentiation from murine R1 ESCs with 5 ng/ml Activin A and 200nM Spd), ATRA- (Cat
• No
• 554720) induced neuronal progenitor differentiation, and BMP-4- (Cat
• No
• 203642) induced mesoderm differentiation, under suboptimal lineage specifying stimuli concentrations and often serum-free conditions, while Spd sensitization alone does not induce any ESCs differentiation
• Spd is shown to interact with NME2/DNPK B/PUF and prevent NME2 nuclear localization and c-myc transcription in murine R1 ESC cultures (46% and 85% drop in c-myc mRNA in 24 h, respectively, with 200nM and 500nM Spd), which accounts for, at least in part, its EMT induction activity
• Although a structural analog of the broad-spectrum kinase inhibitors Staurosporine (Cat
• Nos
• 569396 and 569397) and UCN-01 (Cat
• No
• 539644), Spd exhibits significant kinase inhibitory activities only at elevated concentrations, but not at concentrations ≤500nM typically used in EMT induction.