Description

• General description: Prostaglandin E2 is a lipid that is obtained from arachidonic acid. Prostaglandin hormone is synthesized by the activity of cycloxygenase-2. Prostaglandin E2 controls inflammatory responses and vascular smooth muscle activity.[1]
• Application: Prostaglandin E2 has been used as a α-MEM medium supplement for the co-culture of bone marrow macrophages and differentiated osteoblast.[2] It has also been used in the characterization of cells and in vitro decidualization.[3]
• Biochem/physiol Actions: Most biologically active prostaglandin. PGE2 induces cervical ripening and parturition; mediates bradykinin-induced vasodilation; regulates adenylyl cyclase. Tumor cells that over-express cyclooxygenase 2 display increased invasiveness, angiogenesis, and resistance to apoptosis that may be due to the PGE2-induced expression of angiogenic factors and stabilization of the anti-apoptotic protein, survivin.The effect of PGE2 on the immune system is mixed. It inhibits T cell activation in vitro, suggesting it is an immunosuppressant. However, in vivo, it appears to effect expansion of the Th17 subset and differentiation of the Th1 subset of T helper cells, marking it as an immunoactivator.
• Physical form: powder -20 °C; stock-frozen in working aliquots, avoid repeated freeze/thaw